Kwirinda Kanseri yo mu Myororokere

Amakuru Rusange yerekeye Kanseri yo mu Myororokere

Kanseri yo mu nda ni indwara aho uturemangingo twa kanseri (kanseri) twibasira ingirabuzimafatizo z'umuyoboro w'amaraso.

Umwobo ni umuyoboro w’imitsi urimo imitsi n’ibiryo biva mu muhogo bijya mu nda. Urukuta rw’uwo mwobo rugizwe n’ibice byinshi by’umubiri, harimo ururenda rw’imbere, imitsi n’ibice bihuza. Kanseri yo mu muhogo itangirira mu gice cy’imbere cy’uwo mwobo ikagenda ikwirakwira mu bindi bice uko ikura.

Ubwoko bubiri bukunze kugaragara bwa kanseri yo mu muhogo bwitiriwe ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tuba tumeze nk'udukoko (kanseri):

• Kanseri y'uturemangingo twa squamous:Kanseri igaragara mu tunyangingo duto kandi duto twometse imbere mu muhogo. Iyi kanseri ikunze kuboneka mu gice cyo hejuru no hagati cy'umuhogo ariko ishobora kugaragara ahantu hose ku muhogo. Iyi kandi yitwa kanseri ya epidermoid.
• Adenokasinoma:Kanseri itangirira mu turemangingo tw’imitsi. Uturemangingo tw’imitsi mu gice cyo hejuru cy’umuyoboro w’amaraso dukora kandi tugasohora amazi nk’umuyoboro w’amaraso. Ubusanzwe kanseri y’amaraso itangirira mu gice cyo hasi cy’umuyoboro w’amaraso, hafi y’igifu.

Kanseri yo mu nda ikunze kugaragara ku bagabo.

Abagabo bafite amahirwe akubye gatatu yo kurwara kanseri yo mu muhogo kurusha abagore. Amahirwe yo kurwara kanseri yo mu muhogo ariyongera uko abantu bakura. Kanseri ya squamous cell yo mu muhogo ikunze kugaragara cyane ku birabura kurusha ku bazungu.

Kwirinda Kanseri yo mu Myororokere

Kwirinda ibintu bishobora gutera indwara no kongera ibintu biyirinda bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda kanseri.

Kwirinda ibintu bishobora gutera kanseri bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda kanseri zimwe na zimwe. Ibintu bishobora gutera kanseri birimo kunywa itabi, kugira umubyibuho ukabije, no kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri ihagije. Kongera ibintu byo kwirinda nko kureka kunywa itabi no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri bishobora no gufasha mu kwirinda kanseri zimwe na zimwe. Vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa undi muganga w’inzobere mu by’ubuzima ku buryo ushobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri.

Ibintu bishobora gutera kanseri y’uturemangingo duto (squamous cell carcinoma) mu muhogo na kanseri y’umuhogo (adenocarcinoma) ntabwo ari bimwe.

Ibintu bikurikira byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’uturemangingo tw’umuyoboro w’amaraso:

1. Kunywa itabi n'inzoga

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’uturemangingo tw’umuyoboro w’amaraso byiyongera ku bantu banywa itabi cyangwa banywa inzoga nyinshi.

Ibintu bikurikira byo kwirinda bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’uturemangingo twa squamous mu muhogo:

1. Kwirinda kunywa itabi n'inzoga

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’uturemangingo tw’umuyoboro w’amaraso biri hasi ku bantu badakoresha itabi n’inzoga.

2. Kurwanya indwara ziterwa na kanseri hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ubushyuhe itari steroide

Kurwanya kanseri hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ububabare ni ugukoresha imiti, vitamine, cyangwa ibindi bintu bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri. Imiti igabanya ububabare itari iy’ubushyuhe (NSAIDs) irimo aspirine n’indi miti igabanya kubyimba no kubabara.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bwagaragaje ko gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana bw’indwara ya kanseri y’umuyoboro w’amaraso (NSAIDs) bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’uturemangingo tw’amaraso mu muhogo. Ariko, gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana bw’indwara z’umutima (squamous cell carcinoma) byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara z’umutima, kunanirwa k’umutima, gucika imitsi, kuva amaraso mu gifu no mu mara, ndetse no kwangirika kw’impyiko.

Ibintu bikurikira byongera ibyago byo kurwara adenocarcinoma yo mu muhogo:

1. Gusubira inyuma mu gifu

Adenokasinoma yo mu muhogo ifitanye isano rikomeye n'indwara ya gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), cyane cyane iyo GERD imaze igihe kirekire kandi ibimenyetso bikomeye bikigaragara buri munsi. GERD ni indwara aho ibiri mu gifu, harimo na aside yo mu gifu, bizamuka bikajya mu gice cyo hasi cy'umuhogo. Ibi bitera ububabare imbere mu muhogo, kandi uko igihe kigenda gihita, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku tunyangingo turi mu gice cyo hasi cy'umuhogo. Iyi ndwara yitwa Barrett esophagus. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, uturemangingo twagizweho ingaruka dusimburwa n'utunyangingo tudasanzwe, dushobora kuba adenokasinoma yo mu muhogo. Umubyibuho ukabije hamwe na GERD bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara adenokasinoma yo mu muhogo.

Gukoresha imiti igabanya imitsi yo hasi y'umuyoboro w'amaraso bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara GERD. Iyo imitsi yo hasi y'umuyoboro w'amaraso iruhutse, aside yo mu gifu ishobora kuzamuka ikajya mu gice cyo hasi cy'umuyoboro w'amaraso.

Ntabwo birazwi niba kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kuvura kugira ngo hakorwe reflux y'igifu bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara adenocarcinoma yo mu muhogo. Igeragezwa ry'ubuvuzi riri gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba kubagwa cyangwa kuvura bishobora gukumira Barrett esophagus.

Ibintu bikurikira byo kwirinda bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara adenocarcinoma yo mu muhogo:

1. Kurwanya indwara ziterwa na kanseri hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ubushyuhe itari steroide

Kurwanya kanseri hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ububabare ni ugukoresha imiti, vitamine, cyangwa ibindi bintu bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri. Imiti igabanya ububabare itari iy’ubushyuhe (NSAIDs) irimo aspirine n’indi miti igabanya kubyimba no kubabara.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara ya kanseri y'umuyoboro w'amaraso (NSAIDs) bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'umuyoboro w'amaraso (adenocarcinoma). Ariko, gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara z'umutima (adenocarcinoma) byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, kunanirwa k'umutima, gucika imitsi mu bwonko (stroke), kuva amaraso mu gifu no mu mara, ndetse no kwangirika kw'impyiko.

2. Gukuraho imirasire y'amaraso mu gice cy'umuyoboro w'amaraso

Abarwayi ba Barrett barwaye uturemangingo tudasanzwe mu muhogo wo hasi bashobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa radiofrequency ablation. Ubu buryo bukoresha radio waves kugira ngo bushyuhe kandi busenye uturemangingo tudasanzwe, dushobora kuba kanseri. Ingaruka zo gukoresha radiofrequency ablation zirimo kugabanya umuhogo no kuva amaraso mu muhogo, mu gifu, cyangwa mu mara.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwakorewe ku barwayi bafite uturemangingo twa Barrett n’uturemangingo tudasanzwe mu muhogo bwagereranije abarwayi bahawe inyunganiramirire n’abarwayi batahawe inyunganiramirire n’abatahawe inyunganiramirire. Abarwayi bahawe inyunganiramirire n’imitsi bari bafite amahirwe make yo kurwara kanseri y’umuhogo. Hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kugira ngo hamenyekane niba inyunganiramirire n’imitsi igabanya ibyago byo kurwara adenocarcinoma y’umuhogo ku barwayi bafite izi ndwara.

Inkomoko:http://www.chinancpcn.org.cn/cancerMedicineClassic/guideDetail?sId=CDR62888&type=1#About%20This%20PDQ%20Incamake