Kwirinda Kanseri y'Ibihaha

Ku munsi mpuzamahanga wa kanseri y'ibihaha (ku ya 1 Kanama), reka turebere hamwe uburyo bwo kwirinda kanseri y'ibihaha.

Kwirinda ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago no kongera ibintu bikingira bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda kanseri y'ibihaha.

Kwirinda ibintu bishobora gutera kanseri bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda kanseri zimwe na zimwe. Ibintu bishobora gutera kanseri birimo kunywa itabi, kugira umubyibuho ukabije, no kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri ihagije. Kongera ibintu byo kwirinda nko kureka kunywa itabi no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri bishobora no gufasha mu kwirinda kanseri zimwe na zimwe. Vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa undi muganga w’inzobere mu by’ubuzima ku buryo ushobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri.

Ibi bikurikira ni ibintu bishobora gutera kanseri y'ibihaha:

1. Kunywa itabi, itabi n'imiyoboro y'itabi

Kunywa itabi ni cyo kintu cy’ingenzi gishobora gutera kanseri y’ibihaha. Kunywa itabi, itabi n’imiyoboro y’amazi byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’ibihaha. Kunywa itabi bitera abantu bagera kuri 9 kuri 10 barwaye kanseri y’ibihaha ku bagabo n’abagore bagera kuri 8 kuri 10 barwaye kanseri y’ibihaha.

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko kunywa itabi rya tar nke cyangwa nikotine nkeya bitagabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana kandi ko ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha bivuye mu kunywa itabi byiyongera bitewe n'umubare w'itabi banywa ku munsi n'imyaka banywa. Abantu banywa itabi bafite ibyago bikubye inshuro 20 ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha ugereranyije n'abatanywa itabi.

2. Umwotsi w'itabi ukoreshejwe n'undi muntu

Kunywa umwotsi w'itabi ukoreshejwe nabyo ni ikintu gishobora gutera kanseri y'ibihaha. Umwotsi w'itabi ukoreshejwe ni umwotsi uturuka ku itabi ritwikwa cyangwa ikindi kintu cy'itabi, cyangwa uvanwa n'abanywi b'itabi. Abantu banywa umwotsi w'itabi ukoreshejwe na bo bahura n'ibintu bimwe na bimwe bitera kanseri nk'abanywi b'itabi, nubwo ari bike. Gunywa umwotsi w'itabi ukoreshejwe na bo byitwa kunywa itabi ritabishaka cyangwa itabi ritakoreshejwe na bo.

3. Amateka y'umuryango

Kugira amateka y’umuryango wa kanseri y’ibihaha ni ikintu gishobora gutera kanseri y’ibihaha. Abantu bafite bene wabo warwaye kanseri y’ibihaha bashobora kuba bafite amahirwe akubye kabiri yo kurwara kanseri y’ibihaha ugereranyije n’abantu badafite bene wabo warwaye kanseri y’ibihaha. Kubera ko kunywa itabi bikunze kugaragara mu miryango kandi abagize umuryango bakaba bahura n’umwotsi w’itabi, biragoye kumenya niba ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y’ibihaha biterwa n’amateka y’umuryango warwaye kanseri y’ibihaha cyangwa se bitewe no kurwara umwotsi w’itabi.

4. Kwandura agakoko gatera SIDA

Kwandura virusi itera SIDA (HIV), itera indwara ya SIDA, bifitanye isano n’ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y’ibihaha. Abantu banduye virusi itera SIDA bashobora kugira ibyago bikubye kabiri ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’ibihaha ugereranyije n’abatanduye. Kubera ko umubare w’abanywa itabi uri hejuru ku banduye virusi itera SIDA ugereranyije n’abatanduye, ntibiramenyekana neza niba ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y’ibihaha biterwa no kwandura virusi itera SIDA cyangwa kuba bahuye n’umwotsi w’itabi.

5. Ibintu bishobora guteza ingaruka ku bidukikije

• Guhura n'imirasire: Guhura n'imirasire ni ikintu gishobora gutera kanseri y'ibihaha. Imirasire y'ibisasu bya atomiki, ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire, ibizamini byo gufata amashusho, na radon ni byo bituma habaho imirasire:
• Imirasire y'ibisasu bya atomiki: Guhura n'imirasire nyuma y'iturika ry'ibisasu bya atomiki byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura imirasire: Uburyo bwo kuvura imirasire mu gituza bushobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri zimwe na zimwe, harimo kanseri y'ibere na lymphoma ya Hodgkin. Uburyo bwo kuvura imirasire bukoresha imirasire ya x-ray, imirasire ya gamma, cyangwa ubundi bwoko bw'imirasire ishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha. Uko imirasire itangwa ari myinshi, niko ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha nyuma yo kuvura imirasire biba byinshi ku barwayi banywa itabi kurusha abatanywa itabi.
• Ibizamini byo gupima: Ibizamini byo gupima, nka CT scan, bishyira abarwayi ku mirasire. Ibipimo byo gupima CT spiral scan bike bishyira abarwayi ku mirasire mike ugereranyije na CT scan nyinshi. Mu gusuzuma kanseri y'ibihaha, gukoresha CT scan nke bishobora kugabanya ingaruka mbi z'imirasire.
• Radoni: Radoni ni umwuka uturuka ku gusenyuka kwa uranium mu mabuye no mu butaka. Izamuka mu butaka, ikagera mu kirere cyangwa mu mazi. Radoni ishobora kwinjira mu mazu inyuze mu myobo iri hasi, ku nkuta, cyangwa ku musingi, kandi urugero rwa radoni rushobora kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ingano nini y’imyuka ya radon mu ngo cyangwa aho bakorera byongera umubare w’abandura kanseri y’ibihaha n’umubare w’impfu ziterwa na kanseri y’ibihaha. Ingaruka za kanseri y’ibihaha ziri hejuru ku banywa itabi bahura na radon kurusha abatanywa itabi bayihura na yo. Ku bantu batigeze banywa itabi, hafi 26% by’impfu ziterwa na kanseri y’ibihaha zifitanye isano no guhura na radon.

6. Kugaragara mu kazi

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko guhura n'ibintu bikurikira byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha:

• Asbestos.
• Arsenic.
• Chromium.
• Nickel.
• Beriliyumu.
• Kadiyumu.
• Kaburimbo n'umusemburo.

Ibi bintu bishobora gutera kanseri y'ibihaha ku bantu bahura nabyo mu kazi kandi batarigeze banywa itabi. Uko urugero rw'ibi bintu rugenda rwiyongera, niko ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha nabyo byiyongera. Ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha biriyongera cyane ku bantu bahura nabyo kandi bakanywa itabi.

• Ihumana ry'ikirere: Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko gutura mu turere dufite ikirere gihumanye cyane byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha.

7. Inyongeramusaruro za Beta carotene mu banywa itabi ryinshi

Gufata ibinini bya beta carotene byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha, cyane cyane ku banywa itabi banywa ipaki imwe cyangwa nyinshi ku munsi. Ingaruka ziba nyinshi ku banywa itabi banywa nibura inzoga imwe buri munsi.

Ibi bikurikira ni ibintu birinda kanseri y'ibihaha:

1. Kutanywa itabi

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda kanseri y'ibihaha ni ukutanywa itabi.

2. Kureka kunywa itabi

Abanywi b'itabi bashobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha babiretse. Ku banywi b'itabi bamaze kuvurwa kanseri y'ibihaha, kureka kunywa itabi bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri nshya y'ibihaha. Ubujyanama, ikoreshwa ry'imiti isimbura nikotine, n'imiti igabanya ubukana byafashije abanywi b'itabi kureka burundu.

Ku muntu waretse kunywa itabi, amahirwe yo kwirinda kanseri y'ibihaha aterwa n'imyaka myinshi n'ingano y'itabi yanyoye ndetse n'igihe yamaze aretse kunywa itabi. Iyo umuntu amaze imyaka 10 aretse kunywa itabi, ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha bigabanukaho 30% kugeza kuri 60%.

Nubwo ibyago byo gupfa uzize kanseri y'ibihaha bishobora kugabanuka cyane iyo uhagaritse kunywa itabi igihe kirekire, ibyago ntibizigera biba bike nk'ibyago by'abatanywa itabi. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa ko urubyiruko rudatangira kunywa itabi.

3. Kugabanuka k'ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago ku kazi

Amategeko arengera abakozi kwandura ibintu bitera kanseri, nka asbestos, arsenic, nickel, na chromium, ashobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha. Amategeko abuza kunywa itabi mu kazi afasha kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha iterwa n'umwotsi w'itabi.

4. Kugabanuka k'ubukana bwa radon

Kugabanya urugero rwa radon bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha, cyane cyane ku banywa itabi. Urugero rwinshi rwa radon mu ngo rushobora kugabanuka hafashwe ingamba zo gukumira ko radon isohoka, nko gufunga amazu yo munsi y'ubutaka.

Ntabwo biragaragara neza niba ibi bikurikira bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha:

1. Indyo

Ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bwerekana ko abantu barya imbuto cyangwa imboga nyinshi bafite ibyago bike byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha ugereranyije n'abarya bike. Ariko, kubera ko abanywa itabi bakunze kugira indyo nkeya nk'abatanywa itabi, biragoye kumenya niba kugabanuka kw'ibyago biterwa no kugira indyo yuzuye cyangwa kutanywa itabi.

2. Imyitozo ngororamubiri

Ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bwerekana ko abantu bakora imyitozo ngororamubiri bafite ibyago bike byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha ugereranyije n'abatanywa itabi. Ariko, kubera ko abanywa itabi bakunze kugira imyitozo ngororamubiri itandukanye n'abatanywa itabi, biragoye kumenya niba imyitozo ngororamubiri igira ingaruka ku byago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha.

Ibi bikurikira ntibigabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha:

1. Inyongeramusaruro za Beta carotene ku batanywa itabi

Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe ku batanywa itabi bwerekana ko gufata inyunganiramirire ya beta carotene bitagabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha.

2. Inyongeramusaruro za Vitamine E

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko gufata inyongeramusaruro za Vitamine E ntacyo bigiraho ku ndwara ya kanseri y'ibihaha.

Inkomoko:http://www.chinancpcn.org.cn/cancerMedicineClassic/guideDetail?sId=CDR62825&type=1