Nk’uko Ikigo Mpuzamahanga Gishinzwe Ubushakashatsi ku Kanseri cy’Umuryango w’Abibumbye gishinzwe Ubuzima kibitangaza, mu 2020, Ubushinwa bwari bufite abarwayi bashya bagera kuri miliyoni 4.57 ba kanseri, aho kanseri y’ibihaha yari igizwe n’abarwayi bagera ku 820.000. Nk’uko Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubushinwa gishinzwe “Amabwiriza yo Gusuzuma Kanseri y’Ibihaha no Gusuzuma Hakiri kare no Kuvura mu Bushinwa” kibitangaza, umubare w’abandura kanseri y’ibihaha mu Bushinwa ugizwe na 37% na 39.8% by’imibare mpuzamahanga. Iyi mibare irenze kure umubare w’abaturage b’Ubushinwa, ni ukuvuga hafi 18% by’abatuye isi.
Ibisobanuro naUbwoko bw'uducekanseri y'ibihaha
Ibisobanuro:Kanseri y'ibihaha iterwa n'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa bronchogenic, izwi cyane nka kanseri y'ibihaha, ni yo kanseri ikunze kugaragara cyane ikomoka ku mitsi yo mu muhogo, mucosa y'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa bronchial, bronchi nto, cyangwa imvubura zo mu bihaha.
Hashingiwe ku miterere y'ibinyabuzimaKanseri y'ibihaha ishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bibiri: kanseri y'ibihaha itari iy'uturemangingo duto (80%-85%) na kanseri y'ibihaha itari iy'uturemangingo duto (15%-20%), ifite urwego rwo hejuru rwa kanseri. Kanseri y'ibihaha itari iy'uturemangingo duto irimo adenocarcinoma, kanseri y'uturemangingo duto, na kanseri y'uturemangingo tunini.
Hashingiwe ku hantu habereyekanseri y'ibihaha ishobora kandi gushyirwa mu cyiciro cya kanseri y'ibihaha yo hagati n'iya kanseri y'ibihaha yo mu gice cy'imbere.
Gusuzuma indwara za kanseri y'ibihaha
Kanseri yo mu bihaha yo hagati:Bivuga kanseri y'ibihaha ikomoka kuri bronchi iri hejuru y'urwego rw'ibice, cyane cyane igizwe nakanseri y'uturemangingo duto (squamous cell carcinoma) na kanseri y'ibihaha by'uturemangingo duto. Gusuzuma indwara bishobora kuboneka binyuze mu gupima fibre bronchoscopyKubaga kanseri y'ibihaha yo hagati biragoye, kandi akenshi bigarukira ku kubaga burundu ibihaha byose byangiritse. Abarwayi bashobora kugorwa no kwihanganira igikorwa, kandi bitewe n'icyiciro cyo hejuru, kwinjira mu gace runaka, kugabanuka kwa lymph node mediastinal, n'ibindi bintu, ibisubizo byo kubaga bishobora kuba bitameze neza, hamwe n'ibyago byinshi byo kugabanuka kw'amagufwa.
Kanseri y'ibihaha yo ku nkengero z'umugezi:Bivuga kanseri y'ibihaha igaragara munsi y'uruti rw'umugongo rw'ibihaha,cyane cyane harimo adenocarcinoma. Gusuzuma indwara bikunze kuboneka binyuze mu gupima urushinge rwo mu gituza hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa CT.Mu buvuzi, kanseri y'ibihaha yo mu gice cya mbere ikunze kugaragara mu buryo butagaragara mu ntangiriro kandi ikunze kugaragara mu buryo bw'impanuka mu gihe cyo gusuzuma umubiri. Iyo igaragaye hakiri kare, kubagwa ni bwo buryo bw'ibanze bwo kuvura, hagakurikiraho imiti y'inyongera cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura bugamije.
Ku barwayi ba kanseri y'ibihaha batemerewe kubagwa, bafite indwara zemejwe ko zigomba kuvurwa nyuma, cyangwa bakeneye gukurikiranwa cyangwa kuvurwa buri gihe nyuma yo kubagwa,uburyo busanzwe kandi bukwiye bwo kuvura ni ingenzi cyaneTwifuza kukwerekaDr. An Tongtong, inzobere izwi cyane mu ndwara zo mu gituza ifite uburambe bw'imyaka irenga 20 mu ndwara zo mu gituza mu ishami rya kanseri yo mu gituza, mu bitaro bya kaminuza ya Beijing.
Impuguke Izwi: Dr. An Tongtong
Umuganga Mukuru, Umuganga w’Ubuvuzi. Afite uburambe mu bushakashatsi muri MD Anderson Cancer Center muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, akaba n’umwe mu bagize komite y’urubyiruko muri Komite y’Ishyirahamwe ry’Abashinwa rishinzwe kurwanya kanseri y’ibihaha.
Inzego z'ubuhanga:Uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri y'ibihaha hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ubukana n'imitsi ivura kanseri y'ibihaha, thymoma, mesothelioma, hamwe n'uburyo bwo gusuzuma no kuvura nka bronchoscopy na videwo mu buvuzi bw'imbere mu gituza.
Dr. An yakoze ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku bijyanye no kuvura kanseri y'ibihaha mu buryo busanzwe no mu nzego zitandukanye,cyane cyane mu rwego rwo kuvura kanseri y’ibihaha itari iy’uturemangingo duto. Dr. An ni umuhanga mu mabwiriza mpuzamahanga agezweho yo gusuzuma no kuvura kanseri yo mu gituza.Mu gihe cyo kugisha inama, Dr. An asobanukiwe neza amateka y’ubuzima bw’umurwayi kandi agakurikirana neza impinduka mu ndwara uko igihe kigenda gihita. Anabaza witonze gahunda zo gusuzuma no kuvura mbere kugira ngo amenye neza ko gahunda yo kuvura umurwayi ivurwa neza ku buryo bwihariye. Ku barwayi baherutse kuvurwa, raporo n’ibizamini bifitanye isano akenshi biba byuzuye. Nyuma yo gusobanukirwa neza amateka y’ubuvuzi, Dr. An azasobanura neza ingamba zo kuvura umurwayi n’abagize imiryango ye. Azanatanga ubuyobozi ku bipimo by’inyongera bikenewe kugira ngo byemezwe ko indwara ivurwa, arebe ko abagize umuryango basobanukiwe neza mbere yo kwemerera we n’umurwayi kuva mu cyumba cy’ubujyanama bafite amahoro yo mu mutima.
Imanza ziherutse
Bwana Wang, umurwayi w’imyaka 59 ufite indwara ya kanseri y’ibihaha iterwa na metastases nyinshi mu mubiri, yagiye kwivuza i Beijing mu gihe cy’icyorezo mu mpera za 2022. Kubera ko hari amategeko y’ingendo icyo gihe, byabaye ngombwa ko ahabwa icyiciro cye cya mbere cya chemotherapy mu bitaro byari hafi aho nyuma y’uko byemejwe ko afite uburwayi. Ariko, Bwana Wang yagize uburozi bukomeye bwa chemotherapy n’uburwayi bw’umubiri butari bwiza bitewe no kuba yari afite amaraso make mu mubiri.
Ubwo yari yegereje icyiciro cye cya kabiri cya chemotherapy, umuryango we, wari uhangayikishijwe n'uburwayi bwe, wabajije ku buhanga bwa Dr. An, amaherezo batsinda gahunda yo kujya kwa muganga mu bitaro byacu. Nyuma yo gusuzuma amateka y'ubuzima, Dr. An yatanze inama zo kuvura. Kubera ko Bwana Wang yari afite albumine nkeya ndetse n'ingaruka za chemotherapy, Dr. An yahinduye uburyo bwo kuvura chemotherapy asimbuza paclitaxel pemetrexed, ariko ashyiraho bisphosphonates kugira ngo amagufwa ye agabanuke.
Nyuma yo kubona ibisubizo by'ibizamini bya genetike, Dr. An yongeye guhuza Bwana Wang n'umuti ukwiye, Osimertinib. Nyuma y'amezi abiri, ubwo yasuraga umuryango wa Bwana Wang, umuryango we wavuze ko ubuzima bwe bwari bwarushijeho kuba bwiza, ibimenyetso byagabanutse ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo gukora ibikorwa nko kugenda, kuhira ibimera no gukaraba mu rugo. Ashingiye ku bisubizo by'ibizamini byakurikiyeho, Dr. An yagiriye inama Bwana Wang yo gukomeza gahunda yo kuvura ubu no kwisuzumisha buri gihe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-31-2023